What type of evaluation focuses on the processes of program implementation?

Process evaluation is essential in the context of program implementation because it examines the methodologies and activities involved in delivering a program. This type of evaluation assesses fidelity to the program design, examines the interactions between staff and participants, and identifies any barriers or facilitators that may influence implementation. By focusing on how a program is executed, process evaluation helps ensure that the intended strategies are employed effectively, thus providing insights into what makes a program work well or what may need improvement.

In contrast, impact evaluation typically seeks to understand the broader effects of a program and its outcomes on the target population. Outcome evaluation measures the specific results of a program's implementation, including changes in health status or knowledge. Summative evaluation encompasses both outcome and impact evaluations, providing an overall assessment of a program’s effectiveness after it has been implemented. Therefore, the emphasis of process evaluation on the actual procedures and processes involved in a program makes it particularly valuable for understanding how to improve or refine program delivery.